6 places to visit in the Hizan district of Bitlis: Hizan Castle Ruins, Hizan Plateaus and Hizan Historic Mosques. Plan your trip to Hizan with local food, practical tips and transport information.

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Location and Administrative History

Hizan is a district of Bitlis province. Made a subdistrict (bucak) in 1929, Hizan became a district on 16 March 1936 and was attached to Bitlis province. The district covers an area of 1,021 km² and has an average altitude of 1,470 metres above sea level. A typical continental climate prevails in the district, with average high temperatures of around 25 degrees in summer and average low temperatures of around −15 degrees in winter.

History

The first settlements in the region began with the Urartians in the 1000s BC, and it then remained under Persian, Roman, Byzantine and Arab rule. The Seljuks incorporated it into their territory in the 11th century, and the Ottomans in the early 16th century.

History and Culture

Hizan became a district in 1936 and was attached to Bitlis province. It is understood that Hizan was first founded by the Assyrians. After the Battle of Malazgirt, the Dilmaçoğulları settled in Hizan and its surroundings. Hizan came under Ottoman rule following the Chaldiran Campaign in 1514.

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Places to Visit in Hizan

  • 2 Historic
  • 1 Ancient City
  • 1 Religious
  • 1 Nature
  • 1 Cultural
Historic

Hizan Castle Ruins

The castle ruins on the hill overlooking the district centre have a history stretching back to the Urartian period. Parts of the castle's city walls are still standing.

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Nature

Hizan Plateaus

The plateaus in the higher parts of the district are ideal for hiking in the summer months, with their cool air and rich vegetation. Traditional plateau life continues. Local people keep their cultural heritage alive by holding traditional plateau festivals every summer.

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Religious

Hizan Historic Mosques

Hizan has many historic mosques dating from the Ottoman period. These mosques, notable for their stonework and wooden decoration, are important parts of the region's religious heritage.

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Cultural

Hizan Villages

Villages set on the slopes between deep valleys, notable for their houses built of stone walls and wooden posts.

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Ancient City

Kayalar Hamlet City Wall Ruins

At Kayalar hamlet, which belongs to Gayda village in Hizan, it is reported that there is a city wall ruin, a caravanserai and a hammam.

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Historic

Nevs-i Hizan (Kayalar)

A settlement known as the centre of the Dilmaçoğulları Principality.

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Places to Visit Around Bitlis Province

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While you are in Hizan, you can also see the highlights of Bitlis province. These places are in other districts; Hizan is about 40 km from the provincial centre.

  • Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery — The world's largest Turkish-Islamic cemetery, with about 8,200 gravestones over 210 decares; it has tombstones up to 3.5 metres tall, decorated on all four sides, and underground burial chambers.
  • Ahlat Ulu Kümbet (Great Tomb) — The largest Seljuk tomb in Ahlat; with its cylindrical body and cut-stone decoration, it is the most monumental example of Ahlat tomb architecture.
  • Emir Bayındır Tomb — A monumental tomb built in 1481 for the Aq Qoyunlu lord Emir Bayındır by his wife Şah Selime Hatun, also called the 'Parmaklıklı Kümbet' (Railed Tomb) because of its upper storey with a colonnaded portico; a masjid stands beside it.
  • Ahlat Museum — Opened in a new building in 2018, the museum displays Urartian steles, Seljuk gravestones, manuscripts and works relating to the urban memory of Ahlat in its archaeology, urban memory and garden sections.
  • Nemrut Crater Lake — In the caldera of the Nemrut stratovolcano between Tatvan, Ahlat and Güroymak, at 2,247 metres, this is Türkiye's largest crater lake; its deepest point is 155 metres.
  • Mount Süphan — A stratovolcano north of Lake Van and the third-highest peak in Türkiye after Mount Ağrı and the Cilo mountains; June–September is the right time to climb, and permission must be obtained from Adilcevaz.

Practical Information for Visiting Hizan

Suggested time
Half a day
Best time to visit
Summer months
Places to visit
6 places

What to Eat in Hizan

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  • Büryan Kebabı (lamb slow-cooked in a clay oven)

    Büryan kebab, prepared by slow-cooking lamb in a clay tandır oven, is Hizan's best-known delicacy.

  • Otlu Peynir (herbal cheese)

    Herbal cheese made with wild herbs gathered on the plateaus is an essential item on Hizan's breakfast tables.

Culture, Local Products and Economy of Hizan

  • Plateau Tradition

    The tradition of plateau life is still maintained in Hizan. Families who migrate to the plateaus in the summer months preserve the traditional way of life.

Local Products

  • Hizan Honey — Flower honey obtained from high mountain plateaus, Hizan's most valuable natural product.
  • Dairy Products — Herbal cheese, yoghurt and butter produced in Hizan on the basis of livestock farming are the region's traditional products.

Economy

The economy of Hizan is based on livestock farming and agriculture. Small livestock farming is the district's main source of livelihood. Beekeeping and cereal production also contribute to the economy.

How to Get to Hizan

Hizan is 40 km from Bitlis city centre. Regular minibus services run from Bitlis.

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Hizan: Frequently Asked Questions

What are the places to see in Hizan?

The 6 highlights of Hizan are Hizan Castle Ruins, Hizan Plateaus, Hizan Historic Mosques, Hizan Villages, Kayalar Hamlet City Wall Ruins and Nevs-i Hizan (Kayalar).

What is there to eat in Hizan?

Büryan Kebabı and Otlu Peynir are the standout flavours at Hizan's tables.

What is Hizan famous for?

Hizan is known for its Hizan Honey and its Plateau Tradition. The flower honey obtained from high mountain plateaus is Hizan's most valuable natural product.

How do I get to Hizan?

Hizan is 40 km from Bitlis city centre. Regular minibus services run from Bitlis.

How much time should I set aside for a visit to Hizan?

Suggested visit length: half a day. Best time to visit: summer months.

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