Karakısrak Hill
Tonya's highest hill, rising to 1,900 metres, and an important landmark that defines the district's geography.
View on map5 places to visit in the Tonya district of Trabzon: Karakısrak Hill, Fol Deresi Valley and Erikbeli Hill. Plan your trip to Tonya with local food, practical tips and transport information.
General Information
Tonya is a district of Trabzon province. It is bordered by Düzköy and Maçka to the east, by Kürtün in Gümüşhane province to the south, and by the districts of Vakfıkebir and Şalpazarı to the north and west. It is the only district of Trabzon province without a Black Sea coastline. The town centre averages 733 metres above sea level. The district covers 176 km² and most of the terrain is rugged. Tonya’s highest point is Karakısrak Hill, at 1,900 m.
Geography and Climate
There are no large rivers or lakes within the district; the most important watercourse is the Fol Stream. The Fol Stream rises at Erikbeli Hill in the south of Tonya, on the border with Kürtün district, and flows north through Tonya before emptying into the Black Sea from Vakfıkebir town centre. The climate is a transition zone between the Black Sea climate and continental climate. Average temperatures are around 20 degrees in summer and 6-7 degrees in winter.
History
In 1583, 97.20% of Tonya’s residents were Muslim, and by 1682 the entire population was Muslim. In 1881 the Tonya nahiye became an independent nahiye attached to the central kaza, and on 3 August 1913 it was decided to reattach it to the Vakfıkebir kaza. In 1881, 19 villages were attached to the Tonya nahiye, with a total of 3,978 people living in 1,508 households.
History and Culture
The Tonya butter festival has been held every year since 2001. Tonya butter won first place in a competition mentioned in the Ottoman Salname, in which 360 butters from across the country took part. In summer, people in Tonya migrate to their highland pastures called mezere.
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